Advanced integrated circuits are the "cores" of microprocessors or multi-core processors, which can control everything from computers to mobile phones to digital microwave ovens. Memory and ASIC are examples of other integrated circuit families, which are very important for the modern information society. Although the cost of designing and developing a complex integrated circuit is very high, the cost of each IC is minimized when it is distributed to millions of products. The performance of IC is very high, because the small size brings short path, which makes the low-power logic circuit can be used in fast switching speed applications.

Over the years, IC continues to develop towards smaller overall size, so that each chip can package more circuits. This increases the capacity per unit area and can reduce costs and increase functions see Moore"s law, the number of transistors in an integrated circuit doubles every two years. In short, with the reduction of overall dimensions, almost all indicators have been improved - unit cost and switching power consumption have decreased, and the speed has increased. However, the IC integrated with nano devices is not without problems, mainly leakage current. As a result, the increase in speed and power consumption for end users is very significant, and manufacturers face the acute challenge of using better geometry. This process and the expected progress in the next few years are well described in the international technology roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS).

More and more circuits appear in the hands of designers in the form of integrated chips, which makes the development of electronic circuits tend to be miniaturized and high-speed. More and more applications have been transformed from complex analog circuits to simple digital logic integrated circuits.

In 2022, the proposal on promoting the sustainable development of China"s integrated circuit industry chain: the integrated circuit industry is a strategic, basic and leading industry for national economic and social development, and the lack of short board items in the whole industry chain has become one of the key factors restricting the high-quality development of China"s digital economy and the improvement of China"s comprehensive national strength. At the present stage, the high-end of China"s integrated circuit industry is suppressed by blockade, and the shortage of middle and low-end capacity is becoming increasingly acute. There are still some problems that need to be solved urgently. First, the domestic chip enterprises are not strong enough and the market is insufficient. Second, the United States and the West have blocked the high-end equipment with advanced technology in China"s integrated circuit industry, forming a new industrial barrier. Third, at present, there is a lack of talents in China"s integrated circuit industry. At the same time, the training of process R & D personnel lacks the support of "production line". To this end, it is suggested that: first, we should give full play to the advantages of the new national system and continue to support the development of the integrated circuit industry. We will continue and expand major national science and technology projects, and concentrate our efforts on tackling key difficulties. Support the application of the first set and gradually realize the domestic replacement. Expand new application fields. Increase the scale of industrial funds and extend the investment cycle. Second, adhere to the long-term industrial layout and deepen the reform of talent training. Both "short board" and "long board" are required. We will continue to strengthen the training of scientific researchers and the investment guarantee for basic researchers, and consolidate the talent base. Third, adhere to high-level opening-up, expand and create emerging markets. We will actively explore emerging markets related to integrated circuits in the future and support China"s integrated circuit enterprises to go global.