In microcomputer, the main function of microprocessor is to carry out arithmetic and logic operation and control of the whole computer. Microprocessor is the operation and control core of computer system and the final execution unit of information processing and program operation; It is responsible for reading instructions, decoding instructions and executing instructions.

Microprocessor is the core of all computer activities. Its main function is to realize arithmetic and logic operation and control of the whole computer.

Microprocessor is a central processing unit composed of one or a few large-scale integrated circuits. These circuits perform the functions of the control unit and the arithmetic logic unit.

The central processing unit (CPU) refers to the internal part of the computer that processes data and controls the processing process. With the rapid development of large-scale integrated circuit technology, the chip integration density is getting higher and higher. The CPU can be integrated on a semiconductor chip. This large-scale integrated circuit device with the function of Central processing unit is collectively referred to as "microprocessor". It should be noted that the microprocessor itself is not the same as the microcomputer, but the central processing unit of the microcomputer.

Microprocessor can complete the operations of fetching and executing instructions, and exchanging information with external memory and logic components. It is the operation control part of microcomputer.

Microprocessor consists of Alu (arithmetic logic unit); Accumulator and general register group; Program counter (also called instruction indicator); Timing and control logic unit; Data and address latches / buffers; Internal bus composition. The arithmetic unit and controller are the main components.